Asebter amenzawi : Tameẓla gar ileqman
| Ajerriḍ 1: | Ajerriḍ 1: | ||
| − | |||
| − | + | Tifin n yiwet n txeclawt tagmanant tameẓdut deg tallunt tagritrit | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | WACINTUN– Ufan-d kra n yimussanen, deg tallunt tagritrit, yiwet n txeclawt tagmanant (ǧuzay’a ɛuḍwiyya) tamẓdut yetturaren dduṛ s wazal-nnes deg tudert, yernu d ta ay d taxeclawt tameẓdut tamezwarut ay d-ufan beṛṛa i unagraw afukan, ɣef wakken ay d-nnan ass n ttlata. | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | Ta d taxeclawt takiṛalit, ur d-tettrusu txeclawt niḍen deg wemkan-nnes, yernu tcuba, s waya, aqeffaz n ufus ayeffus ur yezmiren ad yemmels deg ufus azelmaḍ, yernu ta d yiwet seg ṣṣifat n txeclawin tisnudranin (byuluǧiyya). | |
| + | |||
| + | Ufan-d taxeclawt-a deg yiwen n usigna d ameqran n uɣebbar d lgaz ay d-yusan sdat tlemmast n Webrid n Walim (amazellaw-nneɣ [maǧarra]), d tamnaḍt n tallunt aydeg d-ufan amur ameqran seg 180-nni n txeclawin ay yettwassnen deg tallunt ar ass-a. | ||
| + | |||
| + | « Ta d yiwet seg txeclawin timeẓda (muɛaqqada) akk ay d-ufan ar ass-a deg tallunt tagritrit », ɣef wakken ay d-yenna Brandon Carroll, d amnadi deg Usudu n Tesnatwilt n Kalifuṛnya (Caltec) deg Pasadena (Kalifuṛnya), yellan d yiwen seg yimeskaren igejdanen n tegrut-a. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Walan yimesnallunen, yagi, tixeclawin tikiṛaliyin deg tuḍutin (nayazik) d yesmilen (mudannabat) n unagraw-nneɣ afukan, ɣef wakken ay d-nnan yemnadiyen-a. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Tagrut-a (ikticaf) ay d-yellan s yiwen n uṛadyutikiskup ay izemren ad d-yeḍḍef anhezzi n txeclawin, qeddmen-tt-id deg usarag n Tiddukla Tamarikanit n Tesnallunt ay la d-yettilin dduṛt-a deg San Diego (Kalifuṛnya). Ssuffɣen-d yemnadiyen-a anadi-nsen deg wuḍḍun aneggaru n tesɣunt tamarikanit n Science. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Imexluqen imuddiren n Wakal sɛan tigrawin n txeclawin yebḍan ɣef txeclawin « timyeffusin » d txeclawin « timzelmaḍin », am yifassen. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Tixeclawin tikiṛaliyin ttemcabint akk deg ṣṣifat-nsent tifizikanin, ama d timyeffusin neɣ d timzelmaḍin, maca imexluqen imuddiren sseqdacen yiwet kan n tsenfelt seg txeclawin-a deg yikalaten-nsen isnudranen. | ||
| + | |||
| + | S waya, kra n txeclawin n yimexluqen imuddiren, am yimaɣusen aminiyen (aḥmiḍa aminiyya) ur llint s ṣṣifa tamzelmaḍt, ma d tixeclawin n yisekṛen n wadiyan d tixeclawin timyeffusin akken ma llant. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Ar ass-a, ur neẓri seg wansi ay d-tusa ṣṣifa-a n « tkiṛalit » deg temṣukt (haykal) n tudert. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Imussanen ssaramen dakken tagrut-a ad ten-teǧǧ ad fehmen aya ugar, acku asigna agritri yesɛa akk iferdisen n llsas ay yettekkan deg tlalit n unagraw-nneɣ afukan. | ||
| + | |||
| + | « D ta ay d taxeclawt tamezwarut ay d-nufa deg tallunt yernu tesɛa ṣṣifa n tkiṛalit, yernu yezmer ad aɣ-yeǧǧ waya ad nefhem talalit n txeclawin-a tizarudranin deg umeɣrad (kawn) d dduṛ ay zemrent ad t-urarent deg laṣel n tudert », ɣef wakken ay d-yenna Brett McGuire, d amsekrar (kimya’i) seg Usanay Aɣelnaw n Tṛadyusnallunt (NRAO) n Charlottesvill deg Virginia, yiwen seg yimeskaren n tezrawt-a. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Taxeclawt-a takiṛalit ufan-tt-id deg tanigt (uksid) n wepṛupilan. Imir-a, imnadiyen ad nadi ad ẓren ma tella d taxeclawt tamzelmaḍt neɣ d tamyeffust. | ||
Tasiwelt n wass 13:51, 15 Yunyu 2016
ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵎⴰⵏⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴻⵥⴷⵓⵜ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ
ⵡⴰⵛⵉⵏⵜⵓⵏ– ⵓⴼⴰⵏ-ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⴻⵏ, ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ, ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵎⴰⵏⴰⵏⵜ (ⴵⵓⵣⴰⵢ’ⴰ ⵄⵓⴹⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰ) ⵜⴰⵎⵥⴷⵓⵜ ⵢⴻⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⴻⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⵕ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵣⴰⵍ-ⵏⵏⴻⵙ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⴻⵔⵜ, ⵢⴻⵔⵏⵓ ⴷ ⵜⴰ ⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴻⵥⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴻⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⴱⴻⵕⵕⴰ ⵉ ⵓⵏⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵖⴻⴼ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴻⵏ ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵜⵍⴰⵜⴰ.
ⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴽⵉⵕⴰⵍⵉⵜ, ⵓⵔ ⴷ-ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵔⵓⵙⵓ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵏⵉⴹⴻⵏ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵡⴻⵎⴽⴰⵏ-ⵏⵏⴻⵙ, ⵢⴻⵔⵏⵓ ⵜⵛⵓⴱⴰ, ⵙ ⵡⴰⵢⴰ, ⴰⵇⴻⴼⴼⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⵢⴻⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵢⴻⵣⵎⵉⵔⴻⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴻⵎⵎⴻⵍⵙ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⵣⴻⵍⵎⴰⴹ, ⵢⴻⵔⵏⵓ ⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵜ ⵙⴻⴳ ⵚⵚⵉⴼⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ (ⴱⵢⵓⵍⵓⴵⵉⵢⵢⴰ).
ⵓⴼⴰⵏ-ⴷ ⵜⴰⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵜ-ⴰ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⵏⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵎⴻⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴻⴱⴱⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵍⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ ⵙⴷⴰⵜ ⵜⵍⴻⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴻⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵉⵎ (ⴰⵎⴰⵣⴻⵍⵍⴰⵡ-ⵏⵏⴻⵖ [ⵎⴰⴵⴰⵔⵔⴰ]), ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⵜ ⴰⵢⴷⴻⴳ ⴷ-ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⴻⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴻⴳ 180-ⵏⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵢ ⵢⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏⴻⵏ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⵜ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵙ-ⴰ.
« ⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵜ ⵙⴻⴳ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴻⵥⴷⴰ (ⵎⵓⵄⴰⵇⵇⴰⴷⴰ) ⴰⴽⴽ ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵙ-ⴰ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ », ⵖⴻⴼ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴻⵏ ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⵔⴰⵏⴷⵧⵏ ⵛⴰⵔⵔⵧⵍⵍ, ⴷ ⴰⵎⵏⴰⴷⵉ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴻⵙⵏⴰⵜⵡⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ (ⵛⴰⵍⵜⴻⵛ) ⴷⴻⴳ ⵒⴰⵙⴰⴷⴻⵏⴰ (ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ), ⵢⴻⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵏ ⵙⴻⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⴻⵙⴽⴰⵔⴻⵏ ⵉⴳⴻⵊⴷⴰⵏⴻⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴻⴳⵔⵓⵜ-ⴰ.
ⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴻⵙⵏⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⴻⵏ, ⵢⴰⴳⵉ, ⵜⵉⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵉⵕⴰⵍⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⵓⴹⵓⵜⵉⵏ (ⵏⴰⵢⴰⵣⵉⴽ) ⴷ ⵢⴻⵙⵎⵉⵍⴻⵏ (ⵎⵓⴷⴰⵏⵏⴰⴱⴰⵜ) ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ-ⵏⵏⴻⵖ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵖⴻⴼ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴻⵏ ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵢⴻⵎⵏⴰⴷⵉⵢⴻⵏ-ⴰ.
ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵜ-ⴰ (ⵉⴽⵜⵉⵛⴰⴼ) ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵕⴰⴷⵢⵓⵜⵉⴽⵉⵙⴽⵓⵒ ⴰⵢ ⵉⵣⴻⵎⵔⴻⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⴹⴹⴻⴼ ⴰⵏⵀⴻⵣⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ, ⵇⴻⴷⴷⵎⴻⵏ-ⵜⵜ-ⵉⴷ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⴷⵓⴽⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴻⵙⵏⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⵜ ⴰⵢ ⵍⴰ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⵕⵜ-ⴰ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵙⴰⵏ ⴷⵉⴻⴳⵧ (ⴽⴰⵍⵉⴼⵓⵕⵏⵢⴰ). ⵙⵙⵓⴼⴼⵖⴻⵏ-ⴷ ⵢⴻⵎⵏⴰⴷⵉⵢⴻⵏ-ⴰ ⴰⵏⴰⴷⵉ-ⵏⵙⴻⵏ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵡⵓⴹⴹⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⴻⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴻⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵛⵉⴻⵏⵛⴻ.
ⵉⵎⴻⵅⵍⵓⵇⴻⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵉⵔⴻⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵙⵄⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴻⴱⴹⴰⵏ ⵖⴻⴼ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ « ⵜⵉⵎⵢⴻⴼⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ » ⴷ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ « ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴻⵍⵎⴰⴹⵉⵏ », ⴰⵎ ⵢⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⴻⵏ.
ⵜⵉⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵉⵕⴰⵍⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⴻⵎⵛⴰⴱⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⴽⴽ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵚⵚⵉⴼⴰⵜ-ⵏⵙⴻⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵣⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵢⴻⴼⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⴻⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴻⵍⵎⴰⴹⵉⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⴻⵅⵍⵓⵇⴻⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵉⵔⴻⵏ ⵙⵙⴻⵇⴷⴰⵛⴻⵏ ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵜ ⴽⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴻⵏⴼⴻⵍⵜ ⵙⴻⴳ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ-ⴰ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵢⵉⴽⴰⵍⴰⵜⴻⵏ-ⵏⵙⴻⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏⴻⵏ.
ⵙ ⵡⴰⵢⴰ, ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴻⵅⵍⵓⵇⴻⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵉⵔⴻⵏ, ⴰⵎ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵖⵓⵙⴻⵏ ⴰⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⴻⵏ (ⴰⵃⵎⵉⴹⴰ ⴰⵎⵉⵏⵉⵢⵢⴰ) ⵓⵔ ⵍⵍⵉⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵚⵚⵉⴼⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴻⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ, ⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵙⴻⴽⵕⴻⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⵉⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵢⴻⴼⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⴻⵏ ⵎⴰ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ.
ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵙ-ⴰ, ⵓⵔ ⵏⴻⵥⵔⵉ ⵙⴻⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⵉ ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵜⵓⵙⴰ ⵚⵚⵉⴼⴰ-ⴰ ⵏ « ⵜⴽⵉⵕⴰⵍⵉⵜ » ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴻⵎⵚⵓⴽⵜ (ⵀⴰⵢⴽⴰⵍ) ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⴻⵔⵜ.
ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⴻⵏ ⵙⵙⴰⵔⴰⵎⴻⵏ ⴷⴰⴽⴽⴻⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵜ-ⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵏ-ⵜⴻⴵⴵ ⴰⴷ ⴼⴻⵀⵎⴻⵏ ⴰⵢⴰ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴰⵙⵉⴳⵏⴰ ⴰⴳⵔⵉⵜⵔⵉ ⵢⴻⵙⵄⴰ ⴰⴽⴽ ⵉⴼⴻⵔⴷⵉⵙⴻⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵍⵙⴰⵙ ⴰⵢ ⵢⴻⵜⵜⴻⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ-ⵏⵏⴻⵖ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ.
« ⴷ ⵜⴰ ⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴻⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵏⵓⴼⴰ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⵜ ⵢⴻⵔⵏⵓ ⵜⴻⵙⵄⴰ ⵚⵚⵉⴼⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵉⵕⴰⵍⵉⵜ, ⵢⴻⵔⵏⵓ ⵢⴻⵣⵎⴻⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵖ-ⵢⴻⴵⴵ ⵡⴰⵢⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵏⴻⴼⵀⴻⵎ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵉⵏ-ⴰ ⵜⵉⵣⴰⵔⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵓⵎⴻⵖⵔⴰⴷ (ⴽⴰⵡⵏ) ⴷ ⴷⴷⵓⵕ ⴰⵢ ⵣⴻⵎⵔⴻⵏⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜ-ⵓⵔⴰⵔⴻⵏⵜ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵍⴰⵚⴻⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⴻⵔⵜ », ⵖⴻⴼ ⵡⴰⴽⴽⴻⵏ ⴰⵢ ⴷ-ⵢⴻⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⵔⴻⵜⵜ ⵎⵛⴳⵓⵉⵔⴻ, ⴷ ⴰⵎⵙⴻⴽⵔⴰⵔ (ⴽⵉⵎⵢⴰ’ⵉ) ⵙⴻⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵏⴰⵢ ⴰⵖⴻⵍⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵕⴰⴷⵢⵓⵙⵏⴰⵍⵍⵓⵏⵜ (ⵏⵔⴰⵧ) ⵏ ⵛⵀⴰⵔⵍⵧⵜⵜⴻⵙⵠⵉⵍⵍ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵠⵉⵔⴳⵉⵏⵉⴰ, ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵏ ⵙⴻⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⴻⵙⴽⴰⵔⴻⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴻⵣⵔⴰⵡⵜ-ⴰ.
ⵜⴰⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵜ-ⴰ ⵜⴰⴽⵉⵕⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ-ⵜⵜ-ⵉⴷ ⴷⴻⴳ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⴳⵜ (ⵓⴽⵙⵉⴷ) ⵏ ⵡⴻⵒⵕⵓⵒⵉⵍⴰⵏ. ⵉⵎⵉⵔ-ⴰ, ⵉⵎⵏⴰⴷⵉⵢⴻⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏⴰⴷⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵥⵔⴻⵏ ⵎⴰ ⵜⴻⵍⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵅⴻⵛⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴻⵍⵎⴰⴹⵜ ⵏⴻⵖ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴻⴼⴼⵓⵙⵜ.
