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Ayyur n tgemmi: abiṭun deg yiɣerman n Mẓab
LDZAYER TAMANEƔT – Ɣef tɣalltin-nni n uẓrar n Yiɣzer n Mẓab, mazal llan 5 n yiɣerman, d leḥsinat iqburen ay yettwabnan gar leqrun wis 11 d wis 14, yerna sskanayen-d tamussni n warraw n temnaḍt-a ay d-yezgan ɣef tewwura n Unẓul Ameqran adzayri.
« D tasegda war amasdag », akka ay d-yenna umasdag afṛensis Le Corbusier ɣef Tɣerdayt yellan d tagrumma n yiɣerman ay yettwabnan d tazamugt yerna teccuṛ d tizenqatin tuḥṛisin. Tasegda-a tamensayt ur tesɛi tamtilt yerna attan ass-a la yettali fell-as ubiṭun: yuɣ lḥal, abiṭun la d-yetteddu deg temnaḍt-a yerna s tɣawla.
Iɣerman n Lɛaṭef, Taɣerdayt, Ayt Yezgen, Bunuṛa d Mlika tṣennef-iten Unesco d tigemmi tamaḍlant n talsa deg 1982, yerna llan-d d tamdint yeddukklen, yal yiwet deg-sent tesɛa, deg tqacuct-nnes, taṣumɛa yettwabnan s unsay n yibbaḍiyen.
Timdinin-a llan-d daɣ d leḥṣinat deg Yiɣzer n Mẓab, yerna mazal ḥerzent gar yiɣerban-nsent timkarḍiyin, tiqburin deg-sent gan-tent deg lqern wis 13. Timdinin-a ɣer-sent daɣ imṛaḥen inagduden, usan-d ukessar, deg luḍa, tama n yiɣerman, yerna din ay d-yettili tudert tadamsant n temnaḍt-a.
Deg tama-a ay iṛuḥen amzun d aneẓruf (ṣṣeḥra), lebyur semman-asen ɣef wid ay ten-yeɣzan, yerna aman d taɣawsa ɣlayen, ttgen-asen leqrar d ameqran, ttessen seg-sen ayt wexxam yerna sswayen yes-sen urtan n tezdayin d tebḥirin, d acu kan, lebyur-a, imi ay d iqburen, zemren ad swaɣen mliḥ arkad n wakal.
Amur ameqran seg 1500 n lebyur ay yellan deg Yiɣzer n Mẓab « zemren ad dermen », yerna zemren « ad ssehtutin » lbenyanat ay d-yellan tama-nsen, ɣef wakken ay aɣ-d-yenna yiwen n yimḍebber n tgemmi deg tmehla n yidles n Tɣerdayt.
Amihi ameqran niḍen netta d timerniwt n lebni s ubiṭun ay ineṭḍen deg tsegda n temnaḍt-a. Deg unekcum n yiɣrem n Lɛeṭṭaf, lebni « atrar » ibeddel-as ṣṣifa i tsegda taqburt n umkan-a, d acu kan, deg Wayt Yezgen, gan medden leqrar i tsegda tamensayt.
Yal yiwen ibennu akken ay as-yehwa, yerna ixuṣṣ ureqqeɛ
Ixxamen iqburen n Lɛeṭṭaf, ula d nitni, la txeṣṣer ṣṣifa-nsen yerna la sṛuḥuyen taneṣlit-nsen s ureqqeɛ n yimawlan-nsen ur yefkin ara azal i tsegda taqburt n yiɣrem. S waya ara naf aṭas n yixxamen yebnan s tlajuṛt d ubiṭun, tikkal sellɣen-tent s wakal akken ad ɛerḍen ad qadren aṣennef d uḥraz n umkan-a.
D acu kan, wid yettreqqiɛen akka ixxamen, ula ma zik llan sselmaden ṣṣenɛa-nsen seg ubabat ɣer memmi-s, ass-a bdan la neqqsen deg temnaḍt-a, yerna ḥseb negren akk deg kra n yiɣerman am Mlika.
Ben Youcef Balouh d yiwen seg yibennayen ibennun s wakal, yerna yenna-d dakken 95% seg yixxamen n yiɣrem n Lɛeṭṭaf ttwareqqɛen « s ufus n yixeddamen ur yeẓwiren ara neɣ s ufus n yimawlan s timmad-nsen », yerna axeddim-nsen dima ixuṣṣ, am wakken ay as-yekkes sser-nnes i yiɣrem s umata.
Menɣir assezleg n uxeddim deg ureqqeɛ, Bahmed Lalout n Tnarit n uḥraz d tukci n wazal i Yiɣzer n Mẓab yesḥassef imi imezdaɣen ineṣliyen jjan lebni aqbur n yiɣerman, ula ma Tanarit-a la tetteg lmejhud akken ad ten-tesḥulfu ɣer yidis n wid ay yettḥuddun tigemmi n temnaḍt-a yerna gan-d tiddukliwin am Tiddukla n Ccix Abu Isḥaq Ibṛahim Atfic.
D acu kan, aṭas seg wid ay yettḍafaren tamsalt-a ay yettwalin dakken ula ma la d-yettili ccɣel n usḥulfu d usselmed deg unrar-a, aya ur izemmer ara ad ibeddel tiɣawsiwin timeqranin war ma yella-d ussefɛel n uɣawas imezgi n uḥraz n yiɣzer n Mẓab.
Seg wasmi ay d-yebda deg 2007 s tenṣiḥt n yiwet n tegrawt n yimazzayen n Unesco deg Tɣerdayt, aɣawas-a werɛad ur ifuk ara acku, ɣef wakken ay d-nnan deg tmehla n yidles n Tɣerdayt, « tanarit-nni n tezrawin ay yettwawekklen ɣef waya tɛeḍḍel deg uxeddim-nnes ».
Anemhal n Tnarit n uḥraz d tukci n wazal i yiɣzer n Mẓab (OPVM), Younes Baba Nedjar, yenna-d, seg yidis-nnes, dakken tazrawt-a a win yufan ad d-tewjed « uqbel tgara n useggas-a », am wakken ay d-yenna dakken ugur amezwaru deg ussefɛel-nnes netta d temɣer n temnaḍt ay yettwaḥerzen deg Mẓab.
